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Bursa of Fabricius
In birds, the bursa of Fabricius (Latin: ''Bursa cloacalis'' or ''Bursa fabricii'') is the site of hematopoiesis, a specialized organ that, as first demonstrated by Bruce Glick and later by Max Cooper and Robert Good, is necessary for B cell (part of the immune system) development in birds. Mammals generally do not have an equivalent organ; the bone marrow is often both the site of hematopoiesis and B cell development. The bursa is present in the cloaca of birds and is named after Hieronymus Fabricius who described it in 1621.
==Description==
The bursa is an epithelial and lymphoid organ that is found only in birds. The bursa develops as a Dorsal diverticulum of the proctadael region of the cloaca. The luminal (interior) surface of the bursa is plicated with as many as 15 primary and 7 secondary plicae or folds. These plicae have hundreds of bursal follicles containing follicle-associated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. Lymphoid stem cells migrate from the fetal liver to the bursa during ontogeny. In the bursa, these stem cells acquire the characteristics of mature, immunocompetent B cells.
The bursa is active in young birds. It atrophies after about six months.〔http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2009/MB_cgi?mode=&term=Bursa+of+Fabricius〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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